- Valuation date and settings: set the date, return period, frequency and benchmark index.
- Peer group: pick comparable companies and run them through quality gates.
- Raw beta: regress each peer's returns against the index (levered beta).
- Unlever: remove each peer's financing risk with βu = βl / (1 + (1 − s) · D/E).
- Median: take the median unlevered beta of the peer group.
- Relever: apply the target capital structure with βl = βu · (1 + (1 − s) · D/E target), ready for the cost of equity.

.avif)
.avif)



